中国科技核心期刊
(中国科技论文统计源期刊)
  Scopus收录期刊

石油科学通报 ›› 2026, Vol. 11 ›› Issue (4): 1331-1352. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2096-1693.2026.01.036

• • 上一篇    下一篇

金属有机框架(MOFs)在石油科学与工程中的应用前景与挑战

廖广志1,2,*(), 周龙1,2,*(), 秦志军3, 李杨虎3, 周军4, 胡松5, 罗嗣慧1, 肖立志1,2   

  1. 1 中国石油大学(北京)油气资源与工程全国重点实验室, 北京 102249
    2 中国石油大学(北京)地球物理学院, 北京 102249
    3 中国石油新疆油田分公司勘探开发研究院, 克拉玛依 834000
    4 中国石油集团测井有限公司, 西安 710077
    5 中国石化石油勘探开发研究院, 北京 100083
  • 收稿日期:2025-12-18 修回日期:2026-06-30 出版日期:2026-08-15 发布日期:2026-08-31
  • 通讯作者: *廖广志(1981年—),教授,博导,主要从事岩石物理、核磁共振和测井储层评价等方面的研究工作,liaoguangzhi@cup.edu.cn。
    周龙(1999年—),博士研究生,主要从事多孔介质核磁共振理论与方法等方面的研究工作,zhoulong_0620@163.com。
  • 作者简介:廖广志(1981年—),教授,博导,主要从事岩石物理、核磁共振和测井储层评价等方面的研究工作,liaoguangzhi@cup.edu.cn。
  • 基金资助:
    国家科技重大专项(2025ZD1400304);国家自然科学基金(U24B6001);国家自然科学基金(42474165)

Application prospects and challenges of metal-organic frameworks in petroleum science and engineering

LIAO Guangzhi1,2,*(), ZHOU Long1,2,*(), QIN Zhijun3, LI Yanghu3, ZHOU Jun4, HU Song5, LUO Sihui1, XIAO Lizhi1,2   

  1. 1 State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China
    2 College of Geophysics, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China
    3 Research Institute of Exploration and Development, Xinjiang Oilfield Company of PetroChina, Karamay 834000, China
    4 China National Logging Corporation, Xi’an 710077, China
    5 Petroleum Exploration and Production Research Institute, SINOPEC, Beijing 100083, China
  • Received:2025-12-18 Revised:2026-06-30 Online:2026-08-15 Published:2026-08-31

摘要:

金属有机框架(MOFs)是一类由金属离子/簇与有机配体自组装形成的结晶多孔材料,具有高比表面积、可调孔径、规则孔道和可设计表面化学等特征,在气体储存与分离、异相催化、能源转化及环境治理等领域已得到广泛研究。随着深层油气勘探开发、非常规储层高效动用、炼化过程低碳化以及CO2地质封存需求的增加,石油科学与工程领域亟需能够在纳米孔隙尺度上调控流体赋存、界面作用、分子识别和多相传质过程的新型材料与模型体系。MOFs的结构和表面性质具有高度可设计性,可为复杂油气体系中的界面调控、多相流度控制、选择性吸附分离以及多孔介质模型构建提供新的研究思路。本文系统梳理了MOFs的结构特征、合成方法及典型功能,在此基础上从共性科学问题出发,重点综述其在界面调控与多相流度控制、分子识别与复杂组分选择性脱除、限域孔道分离与界面选择性、结构可控多孔介质模型与CO2地质封存等方面的研究进展。进一步分析了MOFs在苛刻储层与炼化环境中的稳定性、规模化制备、岩石/流体界面兼容性以及结构—性能—过程关联认知不足等关键挑战。本文旨在为MOFs从材料功能验证走向石油科学与工程中的机理研究和应用探索提供参考,并推动多孔材料、化学工程、岩石物理与低碳能源技术之间的交叉融合。

关键词: 金属有机框架(MOFs), 多孔介质, 油气开采, 石油炼制, 岩石物理, 石油化工, 二氧化碳封存

Abstract:

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are a class of crystalline porous materials self-assembled from metal ions/clusters and organic linkers. They feature high specific surface areas, tunable pore sizes, ordered pore channels, and designable surface chemistries, and have been widely investigated in gas storage and separation, heterogeneous catalysis, energy conversion, and environmental remediation. With the increasing demand for deep oil and gas exploration, efficient exploitation of unconventional reservoirs, low-carbon petroleum refining and petrochemical processes, and CO2 geological storage, petroleum science and engineering requires new materials and model systems capable of regulating fluid occurrence, interfacial interactions, molecular recognition, and multiphase mass transfer at the nanopore scale. Owing to their highly designable structures and surface properties, MOFs offer new opportunities for interfacial regulation, multiphase mobility control, selective adsorption and separation, and the construction of controllable porous-medium models in complex petroleum systems. This review summarizes the structural characteristics, synthesis strategies, and representative functions of MOFs. Instead of following a purely application-sector-based classification, it focuses on common scientific problems in petroleum science and engineering, including interfacial regulation and multiphase mobility control, molecular recognition and selective removal of complex components, confined-channel separation and interfacial selectivity, and structurally controllable porous-medium models for petrophysics and CO2 geological storage. The key challenges are further discussed, including the stability of MOFs under harsh reservoir and refining conditions, scalable synthesis and shaping, compatibility at rock/fluid interfaces, and the insufficient understanding of structure-property-process relationships. This review aims to provide a reference for translating MOFs from functional material validation to mechanistic studies and application-oriented exploration in petroleum science and engineering, while promoting interdisciplinary integration among porous materials, chemical engineering, petrophysics, and low-carbon energy technologies.

Key words: metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), porous media, oil and gas exploitation, petroleum refining, petrophysics, petrochemical, carbon dioxide sequestration