摘要：

针对成品油管道顺序输送中传统隔离技术(如橡胶隔离球、隔离塞)存在的设备磨损、卡阻风险及传统凝胶体系泵送压差高、管径适应性差等问题，本研究旨在开发一种新型油基凝胶，通过测试其剪切稀释性、结构恢复性及破胶效率，以提升复杂工况下的隔离性能，减少混油损失。以柴油为基液，向其中依次加入稠化剂和交联剂，制备不同浓度的油基凝胶。采用旋转流变仪测定其流变特性，通过室内外循环管路实验模拟真实工况，评估凝胶的剪切恢复性、界面稳定性及隔离效果；并在实验结束后，研究破胶剂的破胶效率及残留影响。实验表明，油基凝胶的粘度随浓度增加显著提升；且离心泵剪切后仍保持凝胶体的流变特性，2%浓度凝胶形成楔形界面，隔离效率显著；停泵24 h后重启，凝胶粘度能够恢复至初始水平；筛选的破胶剂可在1 h内完成破胶，破胶后粘度与柴油基本保持一致，无残留污染。新型油基凝胶在不同管径的管道中均展现出优异的剪切恢复率与界面稳定性，适用于复杂管道启停及高剪切工况，可显著降低混油损失，为成品油管道高效隔离输送提供了可靠的技术方案。

关键词: 油基凝胶, 顺序输送, 隔离, 抗剪切性, 结构恢复性, 流变性

Abstract:

Aiming at the problems of equipment wear and jamming risks existing in traditional isolation technologies (such as rubber isolation balls and isolation plugs) during sequential pipeline transportation of refined oil products, as well as the high pumping pressure difference and poor pipe diameter adaptability of traditional gel systems, this study aims to develop a new type of oil-based gel. By testing its shear dilatability, structural recovery and gel breaking efficiency, the isolation performance under complex working conditions can be improved. Reduce oil mixing loss. Using diesel as the base liquid, thickener and crosslinking agent were added successively to prepare oil-based gels of different concentrations. The rheological properties of the gel were determined by a rotational rheometer. The real working conditions were simulated through indoor and outdoor circulation pipeline experiments to evaluate the shear recovery, interface stability and isolation effect of the gel. And after the experiment, the gel-breaking efficiency of the gel-breaking agent and the influence of its residue were studied. Experiments show that the viscosity of oil-based gels increases significantly with the increase of concentration. Moreover, after being sheared by the centrifugal pump, it still maintains the rheological properties of the gel. The 2% concentration gel forms a wedge-shaped interface, and the isolation efficiency is significant. After the pump was stopped for 24 hours and then restarted, the gel viscosity could return to the initial level. The selected gel breaker can complete the gel breaking within 1 hour. After the gel breaking, the viscosity is basically the same as that of diesel, and there is no residual pollution. The new oil-based gel demonstrates excellent shear recovery rate and interface stability in pipelines of different diameters. It is suitable for complex pipeline start-up and shutdown as well as high shear conditions, and can significantly reduce oil mixing loss, providing a reliable technical solution for the efficient isolation and transportation of refined oil pipelines.

Key words: oil-based gel, sequential transportation, isolation, shear resistance, structural resilience, rheology