摘要：

在数据要素流通背景下，油气行业正由传统分散运行模式向多主体协同模式加速演进。然而，油气数据往往涉及国家资源安全、行业机密等敏感信息，其跨域流通的安全管控已成为制约数据价值充分释放的关键瓶颈。传统以单一控制域和静态授权为核心的安全治理方法已难以适应，亟需向跨域协同、过程可控的动态治理模式转变。对此，本文围绕油气业务场景分析了油气数据要素流通的多源异构、高敏感、强监管特点与全程可溯的需求，构建了以油气典型业务链条为载体的油气数据要素安全流通模型，以兼顾数据共享效率与合规安全要求。在此基础上，提出一种分布式油气可信数据空间架构，以赋予各业务主体数据安全治理的自主性，并阐述了所提架构的身份认证、数据使用控制、存证审计等数据安全功能和实现该架构所需的关键支撑技术。最后，结合语义隐私保护、命名数据网络和零信任体系技术的演进方向，对油气数据要素安全流通的发展趋势进行展望，为推动油气数据安全流通研究提供参考。

关键词: 油气数据要素, 可信数据空间, 数据要素流通, 隐私保护, 数据安全

Abstract:

Against the backdrop of data factor circulation, the oil and gas industry is accelerating its transition from traditional decentralized operation models to multi-agent collaborative models. However, oil and gas data often involves sensitive information such as national resource security and industry secrets. The security governance for its cross-domain circulation has become a key bottleneck restricting the full realization of data value. Traditional security governance methods centered on single control domains and static authorization are no longer adequate, necessitating an urgent shift toward dynamic governance models featuring cross-domain collaboration and process controllability. In response, this study analyzes the characteristics of oil and gas data factor circulation, including multi-source heterogeneity, high sensitivity, and stringent regulations, along with the requirement for full-process traceability, based on typical oil and gas business scenarios. A security circulation model for oil and gas data factors is constructed, anchored in typical industry business chains, to balance data sharing efficiency with compliance and security requirements. Furthermore, a distributed trusted data space architecture for the oil and gas sector is proposed to empower each business entity with autonomy in data security governance. The data security functions of the proposed architecture are elaborated, including identity authentication, data usage control, and evidence-based auditing, along with the key supporting technologies required for its implementation. Finally, considering the evolution of technologies such as semantic privacy protection, named data networking, and zero-trust architectures, the development trends of secure oil and gas data factor circulation are forecasted, providing a reference for advancing research in this field.

Key words: oil and gas data elements, trusted data spaces, data element circulation, privacy protection, data security

中图分类号: 

• F49

• TP309