摘要：

本文以四川盆地安岳气田磨溪区块龙王庙组大型碳酸盐岩边水气藏为研究对象，针对大面积、低幅、强非均质性活跃边水气藏在开发过程中气水前缘带分布范围大，水侵形式复杂，常规数值模拟工作量大，难以满足精准控水/治水要求等问题，系统开展了基于流线模拟的储层动态诊断、历史拟合与产量优化研究。建立了气相流线模拟方法，定量直观刻画了地下气水运移路径和动态井控范围，并提出了一种逐级多尺度的自动历史拟合方法，分三个阶段依次校正层级、区域和网格参数，显著提升了单井流压与产水量的历史拟合精度，有效表征了储层非均质性和水侵通道；在此基础上，进一步开发了基于流线的启发式配产优化算法，通过动态计算单井和区块各自累积水气比，在保持总日产气量不变的约束下，实时单井速率优化分配，实现了累产水量的有效降低和累产气量的显著提升。井区优化结果表明，经过4.5年的生产调控，采收率提高了9.06%，同时累计产水量大幅降低64.06%，剩余气分布得到明显改善。与传统数值模拟相比，智能流线数值模拟技术实现了地下流体流动直观定量表征，以及历史拟合和产量预测的智能化，大幅度减少了数值模拟人工工作量，降低了由于人为干预导致的主观误差，为气藏精准调控提供了技术手段，拓展了气藏数值模拟新思路。

关键词: 四川盆地, 气相流线追踪, 自动历史拟合, 启发式配产优化, 流体运移方式, 水侵模式, 剩余气分布

Abstract:

This study focuses on the Longwangmiao Formation of the Moxi Block in the Anyue Gas Field, Sichuan Basin—a large carbonate gas reservoir with active edge water. Addressing the challenges of large-scale, low-amplitude, and strongly heterogeneous edge-water gas reservoirs—characterized by wide gas-water transition zones, complex water invasion patterns, and the high computational cost of conventional numerical simulation that limits precise water control—this work systematically investigates reservoir dynamic diagnosis, history matching, and production optimization based on streamline. A gas-phase streamline tracing method was developed to quantitatively and intuitively characterize subsurface gas-water migration paths and dynamic well control areas. Furthermore, a hierarchical multiscale automatic history-matching workflow was proposed, which sequentially calibrates the layer-level, regional, and grid parameters. This approach significantly improves the history-matching accuracy of bottom-hole pressure and cumulative water production, effectively capturing reservoir heterogeneity and water-invasion channels. On this basis, a streamline-based rate allocation optimization algorithm was further developed. By dynamically calculating the movable water-gas ratio for each well and reservoir field, the algorithm enables real-time adjustment of production rates among wells under a constant total gas production rate constraint. This strategy effectively controls water production and substantially enhances gas recovery. Field optimization results show that after 4.5 years of production control, gas recovery increased by 9.06%, cumulative water production decreased by 64.06%, and the remaining gas distribution was significantly improved. Compared with conventional numerical simulation, the proposed intelligent streamline technique enables intuitive and quantitative characterization of subsurface fluid flow, achieves auto-history matching and intelligent production forecasting, greatly reduces manual workload, minimizes subjective errors from human intervention, and provides a novel technical approach for precise gas reservoir management and control.

Key words: Sichuan Basin, gas streamline tracing, auto history matching, auto optimization, fluid flowing pattern, water invasion pattern, residual gas distribution

中图分类号: 

• TE319

• P618.13