水合物与充填砾石颗粒间细观摩擦与胶结作用研究

doi:10.3969/j.issn.2096-1693.2026.03.005

石油科学通报 ›› 2026, Vol. 11 ›› Issue (1): 86-98. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2096-1693.2026.03.005

水合物与充填砾石颗粒间细观摩擦与胶结作用研究

刘志辉¹^,²^,³(), 刘志超¹^,²^,³^,^*(), 郭峰²^,³, 史浩贤²^,⁴, 罗强²^,³, 尹德江²^,³, 施玖东²^,⁴, 于彦江⁴, 李丽霞⁴, 谢文卫⁴, 宁伏龙¹^,²^,³

1 中国地质大学(武汉)广州南沙地大滨海研究院，广州 511462
2 中国地质大学(武汉)工程学院，武汉 430074
3 地球深部钻探与深地资源开发国际联合研究中心，武汉 430074
4 广州海洋地质调查局天然气水合物勘查开发国家工程研究中心，广州 511466

收稿日期:2025-11-20 修回日期:2025-12-29 出版日期:2026-02-15 发布日期:2026-02-12
通讯作者: * 刘志超(1991年—)，博士，副教授，主要从事天然气水合物系统多尺度力学表征及开采出砂防控和增产研究工作，liuzhichao@cug.edu.cn。
作者简介:刘志辉(1996年—)，博士研究生，主要从事天然气水合物勘探与开发相关的力学及出砂-防砂问题研究，cugliuzh@cug.edu.cn。
基金资助:
南沙区重点领域科技计划项目“泥质粉砂水合物储层开采稳产关键技术攻关及器具研发”(2023ZD017);国家自然科学基金(42225207);国家自然科学基金(42376220);中国地质大学(武汉)中央高校基本科研业务费资助项目(2024XLA48)

Microscale friction and interparticle bonding between hydrate and gravel-pack particles

LIU Zhihui¹^,²^,³(), LIU Zhichao¹^,²^,³^,^*(), GUO Feng²^,³, SHI Haoxian²^,⁴, LUO Qiang²^,³, YIN Dejiang²^,³, SHI Jiudong²^,⁴, YU Yanjiang⁴, LI Lixia⁴, XIE Wenwei⁴, NING Fulong¹^,²^,³

1 Institute for Advanced Marine Research, China University of Geosciences, Guangzhou 511462, China
2 Faculty of Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
3 National Center for International Research on Deep Earth Drilling and Resource Development, Wuhan 430074, China
4 National Engineering Research Center for Gas Hydrate Exploration and Development, Guangzhou Marine Geological Survey, Guangzhou 511466, China

Received:2025-11-20 Revised:2025-12-29 Online:2026-02-15 Published:2026-02-12
Contact: *liuzhichao@cug.edu.cn

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

砾石充填是应对天然气水合物储层防砂增产需求的有效完井技术手段，其中砾石界面间摩擦及其与水合物的胶结行为，直接影响充填过程和砾石充填结构的力学特性。然而，目前仍缺乏从颗粒尺度系统揭示水合物与充填砾石颗粒间摩擦与胶结作用机制的研究，对润湿—温度—接触构型协同作用下的颗粒间微力定量表征亦相对不足。本文依托自主搭建的高精度微力测试装置并结合原位高分辨显微观测，在可控的单颗粒接触尺度下，明确区分干燥、微浸润与全浸润三种润湿状态，以及裸露接触、冰包覆与水合物包覆等接触构型，系统测试了四氢呋喃(THF)水合物、冰与砾石颗粒间的摩擦系数和胶结强度。结果表明：(1)THF水合物颗粒的摩擦系数整体高于冰，主要与其表面更粗糙、滑移中更易发生脆性微破裂有关；(2)界面摩擦系数随润湿度呈非线性变化，少量液态水具有薄膜润滑效应，过量则因黏滞与液桥作用导致摩擦系数回升；砾石被冰或水合物包覆时，摩擦系数显著降低；(3)低温下水合物—砾石与冰—砾石界面均存在明显胶结，且失效形式以界面脆性断裂为主，本实验中破坏更易发生在颗粒—水合物界面而非水合物本体。上述结果在颗粒尺度上厘清了润湿程度、温度与接触构型对水合物、冰与砾石间摩擦、胶结行为的控制机理，为砾石充填工艺参数化建模与防砂增产过程可靠性评估提供了依据。

关键词: 水合物, 充填砾石, 摩擦系数, 胶结强度

Abstract:

Gravel packing is an effective completion technique to meet sand-control and productivity-enhancement needs of natural gas hydrate reservoirs. Friction at gravel-gravel interfaces and their bonding with hydrates directly affect the packing process and the mechanical properties of the gravel-pack structure. However, particle-scale studies that systematically clarify the mechanisms of friction and bonding between hydrates and packing gravel are still lacking, and quantitative characterization of inter-particle micro-forces under the coupled effects of “wetting-temperature-contact type” remains insufficient. In this study, a customized high-precision micro-force testing apparatus, combined with in-situ high-resolution microscopic observation, was employed to investigate inter-particle interactions at the single-particle contact scale. Three wetting states-dry, partially wetted, and fully wetted-and multiple contact configurations, including bare contact, ice-coated contact, and hydrate-coated contact, were clearly distinguished. The friction coefficients and bond strengths among tetrahydrofuran (THF) hydrate, ice, and gravel particles were systematically measured. The results show that: (1) THF-hydrate particles exhibit overall higher friction coefficients than ice, primarily due to their roher surfaces and the higher propensity for brittle micro-fracture during sliding; (2) interfacial friction varies nonlinearly with water content: compared to dry particle contacts, a modest amount of liquid water reduces the friction coefficient due to thin-film lubrication, whereas excess water increases the friction coefficient again through viscosity and capillary-bridge effects; when gravel is coated by ice or hydrate, the friction coefficient decreases markedly; (3) at low temperatures, pronounced bonding occurs at both hydrate-gravel and ice-gravel interfaces, with failure dominated by interfacial brittle fracture, indicating that rupture preferentially occurs at the particle-hydrate interface rather than within the hydrate itself. These particle-scale findings elucidate how wetting, temperature, and contact configuration govern friction coefficient and bond strength among hydrates, ice, and gravel, and they provide a basis for parameterized modeling of gravel-packing operations and for reliability assessment in sand control and productivity enhancement.

Key words: gas hydrates, gravel packing, friction coefficient, bond strength

中图分类号:

刘志辉, 刘志超, 郭峰, 史浩贤, 罗强, 尹德江, 施玖东, 于彦江, 李丽霞, 谢文卫, 宁伏龙. 水合物与充填砾石颗粒间细观摩擦与胶结作用研究[J]. 石油科学通报, 2026, 11(1): 86-98.

LIU Zhihui, LIU Zhichao, GUO Feng, SHI Haoxian, LUO Qiang, YIN Dejiang, SHI Jiudong, YU Yanjiang, LI Lixia, XIE Wenwei, NING Fulong. Microscale friction and interparticle bonding between hydrate and gravel-pack particles[J]. Petroleum Science Bulletin, 2026, 11(1): 86-98.

https://sykxtb.cup.edu.cn/CN/Y2026/V11/I1/86

图/表 14

图1 微力测试装置

Fig. 1 Micro-force testing apparatus

图2 摩擦实验示意图

Fig. 2 Schematic of the friction experiment

表1 摩擦实验方案

Table 1 Test matrix for friction experiments

样品	法向荷载/mN	摩擦速率/(μm/s)	接触界面情况	温度/℃
水合物-水合物	4	50	干燥	-10
大砾石-大砾石	4	50	干燥、微浸润、全浸润	5
大砾石-大砾石	4	50	冰包覆、水合物包覆	-10
大砾石-砂颗粒	4	50	干燥、微浸润、全浸润	5
大砾石-砂颗粒	4	50	冰包覆、水合物包覆	-10
小砾石-大砾石	4	50	干燥、微浸润、全浸润	5
大砾石-小砾石板	4	50	干燥、微浸润、全浸润	5

图3 胶结强度测试示意图

Fig. 3 Schematic of the bond-strength test

表2 胶结强度实验方案

Table 2 Test scheme for bond-strength experiments

样品	拉断速率/(μm/s)	温度/℃
冰-大砾石	50	-5、-10
水合物-大砾石	50	-5、-10

图4 THF水合物往返摩擦过程摩擦系数曲线

Fig. 4 Friction coefficient curve of THF hydrate during a reciprocating sliding process

图5 不同界面摩擦过程示意图

Fig. 5 Schematic of different interfacial friction processes

图6 水合物颗粒与水合物平面往返摩擦实拍图

Fig. 6 Photographs of reciprocating friction between a hydrate particle and a flat hydrate surface

图7 颗粒间往返摩擦系数

Fig. 7 Reciprocating inter-particle friction coefficient

图8 不同颗粒和接触模式间摩擦系数

Fig. 8 Friction coefficients for different particle pairs and contact modes

图9 不同颗粒摩擦接触点示意图

Fig. 9 Schematic of frictional contact points for different pairs

图10 轴向力变化曲线

Fig. 10 Axial force-time curve

图11 THF水合物-砾石界面发生断裂破坏过程

Fig. 11 Fracture process at the THF hydrate-gravel interface

图12 冰/THF水合物与砾石界面胶结强度

Fig. 12 Interfacial bond strength between ice/THF hydrate and gravel

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