摘要：

我们当前正处于以人工智能为标志的第四次工业革命，美国、挪威、中东等国际大型油服公司和油公司正投巨资开展智能化转型，以便在未来竞争中占据有利地位。智能钻完井作为油气工程前沿技术，将形成颠覆性和跨越性的创新成果，赋能新质生产力发展。文章阐述了智能钻完井技术内涵，从地面装备、测传导工具、钻井液、固井以及软件等五个方面综述了国内外智能钻完井技术的发展现状及技术差异，梳理了当前面临的四大问题和四大挑战，提出了“1244”发展方向，即围绕“钻完井+AI”赋能技术创新和产业升级1个目标，聚焦智能钻井和智能固井2大领域，攻关装备、工具、流体、软件4大技术方向，实现井场全流程自动化作业、自主操控钻进、钻井液智能调控、智能固井作业4大典型应用场景。同时，构建以地质-工程知识库为底层基础、大/小模型为后台支撑、钻完井+AI为前台应用载体的技术体系，加速推动智能钻完井技术从单元闭环向全局闭环、远程操控跨越式发展。

关键词: 智能钻完井技术, 智能钻进, 智能固井, 大/小模型协同, 全局闭环调控

Abstract:

The ongoing Fourth Industrial Revolution, characterized by artificial intelligence (AI), is driving a wave of intelligent transformation across the oil and gas industry. International oilfield service and operating companies in regions such as the United States, Norway, and the Middle East are investing heavily in digital and intelligent transformation to secure a competitive advantage in the future landscape. As a cutting-edge technology in oil and gas engineering, intelligent drilling and completion is poised to yield disruptive and leapfrog innovations, empowering the development of new quality productive forces. This paper elaborates on the conceptual framework of intelligent drilling and completion technologies and provides a comprehensive review of the current domestic and international development status and technical disparities across five key areas: surface equipment, measurement-transmission-conduction tools, drilling fluids, cementing, and software. It further identifies four major existing problems and four key challenges. Furthermore, it proposes the “1244” development direction: focusing on one goal—empowering technological innovation and industrial upgrading through “Drilling and Completion + AI”; concentrating on two major fields—intelligent drilling and intelligent cementing; tackling four key technological directions—equipment, tools, fluids, and software; and realizing four typical application scenarios—fully automated wellsite operations, autonomous drilling control, intelligent drilling fluid regulation, and intelligent cementing operations. Simultaneously, the article advocates building a technical system with the geology-engineering knowledge base as the foundation, large/small AI models as the backend support, and “Drilling and Completion + AI” as the front-end application carrier. This aims to accelerate the transition of intelligent drilling and completion technology from unit-level closed-loop to global closed-loop and remote-controlled operations.

Key words: intelligent drilling and completion technology, intelligent drilling, intelligent cementing, cooperative large and small models, closed-loop

中图分类号: 

• TE257

• TP18