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Petroleum Science Bulletin ›› 2026, Vol. 11 ›› Issue (1): 2-13. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2096-1693.2026.01.001

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Controls of deep coalbed methane preservation conditions on enrichment and high productivity in North China

GUO Xusheng1,2,3,4,5(), LIU Zengqin2,3,4,5,*(), ZHAO Peirong2,3,4,5, SHEN Baojian2,3,4,5, ZHAO Shihu2,3,4,5, YE Jincheng2,3,4,5, ZHANG Jiaqi2,3,4,5, WAN Junyu2,3,4,5, CHEN Xinjun2,3,4,5, QIU Feng2,3,4,5, SHAO Yanwen2,3,4,5, WANG Tianyun2,3,4,5, DING Anxu5,6, MA Chao5,7   

  1. 1 Sinopec, Beijing 100728, China
    2 State Key Laboratory of Shale Oil and Gas Enrichment Mechanisms and Effective Development, Beijing 102206, China
    3 Sinopec Key Laboratory of Shale Oil/Gas Exploration and Production Technology, Beijing 102206, China
    4 Exploration and Production Research Institute, Sinopec, Beijing 102206, China
    5 Sinopec Key Laboratory of Deep CBM Exploration and Development, Beijing 102206, China
    6 Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development, Sinopec East China Branch Company, Yangzhou 225007, China
    7 Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development, Sinopec North China Oil and Gas Branch, Zhengzhou 450006, China
  • Received:2025-08-05 Revised:2025-10-15 Online:2026-02-15 Published:2026-02-12
  • Contact: LIU Zengqin E-mail:guoxs.syky@sinopec.com;liuzengqin.syky@sinopec.com

华北地区深层煤层气保存条件对富集高产的影响研究

郭旭升1,2,3,4,5(), 刘曾勤2,3,4,5,*(), 赵培荣2,3,4,5, 申宝剑2,3,4,5, 赵石虎2,3,4,5, 叶金诚2,3,4,5, 张嘉琪2,3,4,5, 万俊雨2,3,4,5, 陈新军2,3,4,5, 邱峰2,3,4,5, 邵延文2,3,4,5, 王天云2,3,4,5, 丁安徐5,6, 马超5,7   

  1. 1 中国石油化工股份有限公司,北京 100728
    2 页岩油气富集机理与高效开发全国重点实验室,北京 102206
    3 中国石化页岩油气勘探开发重点实验室,北京 102206
    4 中国石化石油勘探开发研究院,北京 102206
    5 中国石化深层煤层气勘探开发重点实验室,北京 102206
    6 中国石化华东油气分公司勘探开发研究院,扬州 225007
    7 中国石化华北油气分公司勘探开发研究院,郑州 450006
  • 通讯作者: 刘曾勤 E-mail:guoxs.syky@sinopec.com;liuzengqin.syky@sinopec.com
  • 作者简介:郭旭升(1965年—),中国工程院院士,从事油气勘探研究与生产管理,guoxs.syky@sinopec.com
  • 基金资助:
    油气重大专项课题“多(薄)储层煤岩气评价与立体开发技术”(2025ZD1404204);中国石化科技攻关项目“深部煤层气富集规律与预测评价技术”(P23206)

Abstract:

The deep coalbed methane (CBM) resources (buried deeper than 1500 m) in North China exceed 30 trillion cubic meters, with significant breakthroughs in exploration, making it a new frontier for natural gas production growth. However, it faces key issues, including complex preservation conditions, unclear controls on enrichment and high productivity, and large production variations. In order to clarify the control factors of preservation conditions of deep CBM, the coal quality, lithology combination, and structural preservation characteristics of typical deep CBM exploration wells in North China are systematically analyzed with multidisciplinary analysis methods of geology, geochemistry, and geophysics. This study reveals that the differential preservation of deep CBM is controlled by the dynamic coupling mechanism of adsorption self-sealing, physical property sealing, and structural preservation system: (1) Favorable coal quality is the basis of strong adsorption. Coal with low ash content and a high evolution degree is characterized by a large Langmuir volume, a great critical depth, and strong self-sealing ability. (2) Tightly lithology combination is a barrier to deep free gas dissipation. Limestone and mudstone exhibit low porosity, a small throat radius, and high breakthrough pressure, resulting in good physical sealing conditions and a high total retained gas content. (3) Continuous and stable structural preservation is the key to free gas enrichment. Late-stage uplift with low amplitude and weak tectonic activity is conducive to free gas accumulation, resulting in a high-pressure coefficient. In summary, areas characterized by deep burial, low-ash coal, limestone/mudstone roof rocks, and structural stability are favorable for deep CBM preservation. The study of differential preservation of deep CBM deepens the understanding of enrichment and high productivity, and provides a theoretical basis for optimizing favorable exploration and development targets.

Key words: deep coalbed methane (deep CBM), North China, adsorption self-sealing, physical property sealing, structure preservation

摘要:

华北地区深层煤层气(埋深>1500 m)资源量超30万亿方,勘探取得了重大突破,成为天然气增产上产的新领域,但面临着保存条件复杂、富集高产规律不清、产量差异大等关键问题。本文聚焦深层煤层气保存条件这一核心科学问题,采用地质、地球化学、地球物理多学科交叉分析方法,系统剖析了华北地区鄂尔多斯盆地和沁水盆地典型深层煤层气探井的煤岩煤质、岩性组合、构造保存特征,以期明确深层煤层气保存条件对富集高产的控制作用。研究发现,深层煤层气差异保存受控于吸附自封闭-物性封闭-构造保存系统的耦合:(1)有利煤岩煤质是强吸附和高含气的基础,低灰分高演化程度煤岩,兰氏体积大,临界深度大,自封闭能力强。(2)致密岩性组合是深层游离气逸散的屏障,灰岩和泥岩的孔隙度低,喉道半径较小,突破压力大,物性封闭条件好,总滞留气量较高。(3)连续稳定有效保存是富含游离气的关键,抬升晚、幅度小、构造活动弱有利于游离气聚集,压力系数较大。深层煤层气差异保存条件研究深化了富集高产认识,为优选勘探开发有利目标提供了理论基础。

关键词: 深层煤层气, 华北地区, 吸附自封闭, 物性封闭, 构造保存

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